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Antimony Semi-
metal
Solid
Symbol: Sb
Atomic number: 51
Atomic mass: 121.757
Group: Metal
CAS-number: 7440-36-0
 
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Physical data

Electronic data  Thermal data  Steric data
Shells: 2,8,18,18,5
Orbitals: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3
Electronegativity: 1.8, 1.9
1. Ionization potential: 8.64 eV
2. Ionization potential: 16.53 eV
3. Ionization potential: 25.30 eV
Oxidation states: 5,3,-3
Electrical conductivity: 0.0288 10^6
Melting point: 630.74 °C
Boiling point: 1587 °C
Specific heat: 0.21 J/gK
Heat of fusion: 19.870 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization: 77.140 kJ/mol
Thermal conductivity: 0.243 W/cmK
Atomic radius: 1.53 Å
Ionic radius: 0.76 Å ()
Covalent radius: 1.40 Å
Atomic volume: 18.23 cm³/mol
Density (293 K): 6.684 g/cm³
Crystal structure: Rhombohedral
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Isotopes

NuclideAbundance [%]MassSpinHalflifeDecay modeDecay tree
117Sb01175/22.80hEC,Beta+View
119Sb01195/238.1hECView
120Sb0120115.89mEC,Beta+View
121Sb57.25120.9045/2--stable--
122Sb012222.70dBeta-,Beta+,ECView
123Sb42.75122.9047/2--stable--
124Sb0124360.20dBeta-View
125Sb01257/22.758yBeta-,b-View
126Sb0126812.4dBeta-View
126Sbm0126519.0mBeta-,ITView
127Sb01277/23.84dBeta-,b-View
129Sb01297/24.40hBeta-,b-View
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Other info

Name origin:Greek: anti and monos (not alone); symbol from mineral stibnite.
Description:Hard, brittle, silvery-white semimetal.
Discovered by:Known to the ancients
Year:--
Place:Unknown
Sources:Found in stibnite (Sb2S3) and in valentinite (Sb2O3).
Use(s):It is alloyed with other metals to increase their hardness. Also in the manufacture of a few special types of semiconductor devices. Also in plastics and chemicals. A few kinds of over-the-counter cold and flu remedies use antimony compounds.
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